Organizations active in the mining and trade sectors, especially in Tehran Province, have faced challenges such as increasing competition, resource constraints, technological requirements, and the need to improve human resource productivity in recent years. In such circumstances, the role of human resource management has received more attention than ever before as one of the key factors for organizational success. Adopting new approaches to human resource management, including skills development, effective incentive systems, efficient performance evaluation, and improving organizational culture, can pave the way for increasing employee productivity and improving the overall performance of the organization. . Considering the increasing importance of human capital in today's organizations, this study aims to analyze the role of human resource management approaches in improving organizational performance and productivity of employees in the mining and trade industry of Tehran province. The present study is descriptive-analytical in terms of applied purpose and in terms of method, it is a survey research. The statistical population of the present study includes all employees of the mining and trade industry of Tehran province, which number 850 people, of whom 265 people were selected through non-probability sampling method available according to Morgan's table. In order to conduct the research, a questionnaire with 45 closed-ended questions using a five-point Likert scale was distributed among the employees and this questionnaire measures the research variables. After collecting and classifying the information, it was analyzed using SPSS 20 and Smart pls version 4 software. The results of the study showed that human resource management has a positive and significant effect on improving employee performance and human resource productivity. Among the hypotheses, human resource management practices have the greatest impact on human resource productivity. The results of this study can help managers and decision-makers of the Mining and Trade Industry Organization to adopt more effective solutions to optimize performance and increase human resource productivity by recognizing the strengths and weaknesses of their human resource management practices. The findings of this study are expected to show that the correct and strategic implementation of human resource management practices will play a key role in improving the level of performance and productivity in this organization.