This research was primarily conducted with the aim of identifying and analyzing the key factors influencing failure (or delay/deviation from schedule) in urban development projects executed by the Tabriz Municipality. Subsequently, the impact of organizational learning structure and culture, as an intervening variable, on the improvement and enhancement of management capabilities in confronting these challenges has been assessed. In terms of nature, the present research is descriptive-analytical, and in terms of data collection methodology, it is survey-based. The statistical population includes managers, experts, and key stakeholders involved in the urban development projects of Tabriz Municipality, and data were collected through standard questionnaires. For statistical analysis, appropriate statistical software and specifically, the T-Test were used to assess the hypotheses. The results indicate that factors such as insufficient planning, technical-engineering challenges, and inefficiencies in change management have the largest share in project failures. Furthermore, the findings confirm that the presence of a strong organizational learning model (including knowledge exchange capability and adaptability) has a significant correlation with the increased perceived project management team capabilities in problem-solving and effective decision-making. Consequently, strengthening the organizational learning culture within the Tabriz Municipality acts not only as a qualitative advantage but also as a statistically significant factor in reducing risks and increasing the success of urban development projects. Therefore, it is recommended that policies for knowledge acquisition, development, and sharing be institutionalized within the organizational structure of the entity