Municipal waste is one of the major environmental challenges in modern cities, and its sustainable management is of particular importance. One of the effective methods for recycling these wastes is to convert them into compost, which can reduce the volume of waste and provide nutritional value for soil and plants. In this review article, previous studies related to the chemical properties of compost produced from municipal waste, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, pH, EC, and organic matter, have been reviewed. The use of these fertilizers in urban green spaces and their effects on plant growth, soil structure improvement, and increased fertility of urban soils have also been analyzed. The results show that urban compost, under controlled conditions, can be a suitable alternative to chemical fertilizers and, while reducing environmental pollution, play an effective role in the sustainable development of urban green spaces. Given the importance of the chemical quality of compost and environmental standards, it is essential to pay attention to the production process and monitor its chemical properties for use in urban green spaces.