Today, technology is considered a strong option for changes in developing countries, and its importance and role in the economic growth and progress of developing countries are obvious to everyone. Policy-making for the development of technology in the oil industry requires, on the one hand, the formulation of long-term plans, and on the other hand, due to the high speed of global developments, it requires innovation in technology and the effective acquisition and application of new technologies. This article, considering the theoretical literature and background of the subject, examines and identifies the most important factors affecting the development of new technologies in the Iranian oil industry. These factors include economic, political, social, and natural factors. Finally, these factors are categorized into a comprehensive model, and based on this model, various factors have been considered in order to affect the development of new technology in the oil industry.