In an age where companies face many challenges to survive in competitive markets, identifying the factors that affect financial crises is important and can help managers and other stakeholders of the organization with profit management, planning to prevent bankruptcy. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between bankruptcy probability and earnings management in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical population of this study included companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The selected sample from the research community included 34 companies during the years 1392 to 1392, which formed a total of 204 observations. Data were collected as a company-year and analyzed using multiple regression. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, two hypotheses were developed. The results indicate that there is no significant relationship between the rate of change in bankruptcy probability and earnings management and also this relationship was not confirmed in companies with high and low bankruptcy probability.