The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the probability of bankruptcy and tax evasion with emphasis on the cost of representing companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical sample of the present study consists of 134 companies for the period 2011-2012 and multivariate regression and generalized least squares (GLS) methods were used to test the research hypotheses. In this research, the library method was used to collect the theoretical foundations and literature of the research subject, and the required data were collected for the analysis and testing of the hypotheses by the documentation method. Inferential statistics will be used to analyze and test research hypotheses. Excel software version 2010 also uses Eviews econometrics software version 9 for data analysis and extraction. The results showed that there is a direct relationship between the probability of bankruptcy and tax evasion and the cost of representing the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange on the above relationship.